Don’t be a …

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今天在BT群由pMq发了一张图,并问是什么意思:

这个问题的答案是……不那么……显而易见的。

任何具有基础物理知识的人,都会知道:

  1. 一般而言,t代表时间。
  2. 一般而言,特别是牵涉到对时间求导时,x代表了位移(displacement)。
  3. 位移对时间的一次求导,代表了速度v(velocity)。
  4. 位移对时间的二次求导,也就是速度对时间的一次求导,代表了加速度a(acceleration)。

一般而言,到此为止了。我们很少会关心位移对时间更高次的求导。

=== 以下是科普时间 ===

这里的三次求导结果,和速度、加速度一样,在物理上是有一个明确的定义的,其专用术语是jerk。但……尴尬之处在于,jerk本身有不少很糟糕也更popular的定义。

按照维基百科的词条jerk作为名词,有7个释义,列举如下:

  1. A sudden, often uncontrolled movement, especially of the body.
  2. A quick, often unpleasant tug or shake.
  3. (Canada, US, slang, derogatory) A person with unlikable or obnoxious qualities and behavior, typically mean, self-centered or disagreeable.
    1. I finally fired him, because he was being a real jerk to his customers, even to some of the staff.
    2. You really are a jerk sometimes.
  4. (US, slang, derogatory) A dull or stupid person.
  5. (physics, engineering) The rate of change in acceleration with respect to time.
  6. (obsolete) A soda jerk.
  7. (weightlifting) A lift in which the weight is taken with a quick motion from shoulder height to a position above the head with arms fully extended and held there for a brief time.

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